Choosing the right cartridge for hunting or target shooting can be a daunting task, especially when faced with options like the venerable 45-70 Government and the relatively new .350 Legend. Both offer significant stopping power, but their strengths and weaknesses differ considerably. This in-depth comparison will help you determine which cartridge best suits your needs.
Power and Performance: A Head-to-Head
The 45-70 Government, a classic black powder cartridge dating back to the 1870s, packs a serious punch. Its large diameter bullet and substantial powder charge deliver impressive energy downrange, making it exceptionally effective for large game hunting. Modern loadings have further enhanced its performance, pushing its capabilities beyond its original design.
The .350 Legend, in contrast, is a relatively modern cartridge designed for use in AR-15 style platforms. While not as powerful as the 45-70, it offers a potent blend of energy and manageable recoil, making it suitable for deer hunting and other medium-sized game. Its smaller, lighter bullets also translate to flatter trajectories at longer ranges compared to the 45-70.
Key Performance Differences Summarized:
| Feature | 45-70 Government | .350 Legend |
|---|---|---|
| Caliber | .458" | .355" |
| Recoil | Significantly Higher | Significantly Lower |
| Energy | Substantially Higher | Lower |
| Range | Shorter effective range | Longer effective range |
| Trajectory | More pronounced bullet drop | Flatter trajectory |
| Suitable Game | Large game (bear, elk, moose, etc.) | Medium game (deer, hogs) |
| Platform | Lever-action rifles, single-shots | AR-15 style platforms |
Recoil Management: A Significant Factor
Recoil is a crucial consideration for any cartridge. The 45-70 Government is notorious for its substantial recoil, which can be challenging for novice shooters or those with less upper body strength. This significant recoil can also lead to shooter fatigue, impacting accuracy over longer shooting sessions.
The .350 Legend, on the other hand, boasts significantly less recoil, making it more comfortable to shoot and easier to maintain accuracy. This reduced recoil also allows for faster follow-up shots, a significant advantage in hunting situations.
Applications and Use Cases
The ideal application for each cartridge is largely dictated by its capabilities:
45-70 Government Ideal Uses:
- Large Game Hunting: Its substantial stopping power makes it ideal for dangerous game, including bear and moose.
- Long-Range Target Shooting (with limitations): While not ideal for extreme distances, the 45-70 can be used for long-range target shooting with suitable ammunition and proper technique.
- Historical Reenactments: Its historical significance makes it a popular choice for historical reenactments.
.350 Legend Ideal Uses:
- Deer Hunting: A suitable cartridge for deer hunting within its effective range.
- Hog Hunting: Effective for controlling feral hog populations.
- Self-Defense (in appropriate jurisdictions): Some consider it suitable for self-defense, though legal considerations vary by location.
Conclusion: The Right Cartridge for the Right Job
Ultimately, the choice between the 45-70 Government and the .350 Legend hinges on your specific needs and preferences. The 45-70 Government offers unmatched stopping power for large game hunting, but its significant recoil can be a drawback. The .350 Legend provides a manageable recoil profile with sufficient power for medium-sized game and is highly adaptable to the popular AR-15 platform. Consider your target game, shooting experience, and desired level of recoil when making your decision. Careful consideration of these factors will ensure you choose the cartridge that best meets your individual requirements.
