Building your own AR-15 in 5.56 NATO is a rewarding experience for firearms enthusiasts. It allows for customization, a deeper understanding of your firearm, and often, cost savings compared to buying a pre-built rifle. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the process, covering crucial considerations and steps involved in building a reliable and accurate AR-15 chambered in 5.56.
Understanding the AR-15 Platform
Before diving into the build, it's vital to understand the modularity of the AR-15. It's comprised of several key components, each playing a critical role in functionality and reliability. A thorough understanding of these parts is crucial for a successful build.
Key Components of Your AR-15 Build:
- Upper Receiver: Houses the bolt carrier group, barrel, and charging handle. Choose an upper receiver based on your desired features (e.g., forward assist, dust cover).
- Lower Receiver: The firearm's serialized part, containing the fire control group and magazine well. This is the regulated component.
- Bolt Carrier Group (BCG): A crucial part responsible for cycling the action. Quality BCGs are essential for reliability. Consider brands with a solid reputation.
- Barrel: The heart of the system. Barrel length significantly impacts accuracy and velocity. 5.56 barrels are typically available in lengths ranging from 10.5" to 20". Shorter barrels offer maneuverability, while longer barrels provide greater accuracy and velocity.
- Gas System: Regulates gas pressure from the barrel to cycle the BCG. Common types include direct impingement and piston-driven systems. Direct impingement is simpler and more common, while piston systems are considered cleaner.
- Handguard: Protects the barrel and allows for the mounting of accessories like lights and optics. Options range from lightweight M-LOK to heavier, more robust KeyMod systems.
- Charging Handle: Used to manually cycle the bolt. Ambidextrous charging handles are popular for ease of use.
- Buffer Tube and Stock: The buffer tube houses the buffer spring and buffer, impacting recoil management. Stocks are chosen based on personal preference and ergonomics.
- Pistol Grip: Provides a comfortable and secure grip. Many different options exist with varying textures and angles.
- Trigger Group: Controls the firing mechanism. Upgrading the trigger is a common modification for enhanced performance.
- Magazine: Holds the ammunition. Standard capacity magazines are readily available.
Steps in Building Your AR-15 in 5.56
Building an AR-15 requires meticulous attention to detail. Follow these steps carefully:
1. Gather Your Parts:
Acquire all necessary components from reputable sources. Ensure compatibility between parts. A parts list is essential to avoid missing crucial components.
2. Assemble the Lower Receiver:
This involves installing the fire control group, trigger, hammer, and safety selector. Carefully follow the instructions provided with your parts. This step requires precision and attention to detail.
3. Assemble the Upper Receiver:
Install the barrel, gas tube, bolt carrier group, charging handle, and handguard into the upper receiver. Proper alignment is crucial to ensure functionality.
4. Complete the Assembly:
Join the upper and lower receivers. Ensure proper function by performing a test-fit and dry-firing before live-fire testing.
5. Test and Function Check:
Once assembled, conduct a thorough function check, including dry firing and potentially a controlled live-fire session at a range under the supervision of a qualified professional. This is critical to ensure your AR-15 functions correctly and safely.
Essential Considerations for Your 5.56 AR-15 Build
- Budget: Set a realistic budget before starting. Prices vary significantly across components.
- Purpose: Determine the intended use (e.g., home defense, hunting, competition). This dictates the choice of components.
- Legality: Familiarize yourself with all applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations.
- Safety: Always prioritize safety. Improper assembly can lead to malfunctions and potential injury. Consider professional guidance if needed.
Building your AR-15 in 5.56 NATO is a challenging yet rewarding undertaking. This comprehensive guide provides a foundation for a successful build. Remember to always prioritize safety and legality throughout the process. Enjoy your new custom AR-15!
