Form 4473, the "Firearms Transaction Record," is a crucial document in the United States for the legal acquisition of firearms. Understanding how to correctly fill it out is essential for both buyers and sellers to comply with federal law. This guide provides a step-by-step walkthrough, helping you navigate the process with confidence. Failure to accurately complete this form can lead to serious legal consequences.
Understanding the Importance of Form 4473
The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) mandates the use of Form 4473 for all firearm transfers from licensed dealers. This form serves as a record of the transaction, allowing the ATF to track firearms and prevent their acquisition by prohibited persons. Accurate and truthful completion is paramount.
Step-by-Step Guide to Filling Out Form 4473
The form itself is lengthy and contains numerous sections. We will break down the key parts to make the process manageable.
Part 1: Applicant Information
This section requests your personal information:
- Name: Provide your full legal name as it appears on your government-issued identification.
- Address: Enter your current and complete residential address. No P.O. Boxes are allowed.
- Date of Birth: Enter your date of birth accurately.
- Social Security Number (SSN): Provide your SSN as it is crucial for background checks.
- Place of Birth: Enter your city and state of birth.
- Driver's License/Identification Number and State: Provide the number and issuing state of your valid government-issued photo ID.
- Phone Number(s): Include both your current residential and mobile phone numbers.
- Email Address: Provide a valid email address if you have one.
Important Note: Any false or misleading information provided on this form is a federal crime.
Part 2: Firearm Information
This section details the firearm(s) being purchased:
- Type of Firearm: Specify the type of firearm (handgun, rifle, shotgun, etc.).
- Manufacturer: Indicate the firearm's manufacturer.
- Caliber/Gauge: Specify the caliber or gauge of the firearm.
- Serial Number: Accurately record the firearm's serial number. This is crucial for tracing purposes.
If purchasing multiple firearms, you'll need to complete a separate entry for each.
Part 3: Questions Regarding Eligibility
This is the most critical section of the form, as it assesses your eligibility to purchase a firearm. Answer each question truthfully and completely. Lying on this form is a serious federal offense. These questions address:
- Prior felony convictions: Have you ever been convicted of a felony?
- Domestic violence: Have you ever been convicted of a misdemeanor crime of domestic violence?
- Mental health adjudications: Have you ever been adjudicated as mentally defective or committed to a mental institution?
- Drug use: Are you an unlawful user of or addicted to any controlled substance?
- Dishonorable discharge: Have you ever been dishonorably discharged from the armed forces?
- Renunciation of citizenship: Have you ever renounced your U.S. citizenship?
- Illegal alien status: Are you an illegal alien?
- Protective orders: Are you subject to any court order that restricts your right to possess a firearm?
If you answer "yes" to any of these questions, you may be prohibited from purchasing a firearm. Consult with a legal professional if you have any questions or concerns about your eligibility.
Part 4: Certification
This section requires both the buyer and seller to sign and date the form, certifying the accuracy of the information provided. The dealer will then conduct a background check through the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS).
After Completing Form 4473
After completing Form 4473 and undergoing the NICS background check, you can legally purchase the firearm(s). Remember to keep a copy of the completed form for your records.
Seeking Legal Advice
If you have any questions or concerns about your eligibility to purchase a firearm, it's crucial to consult with a legal professional specializing in firearms law. They can provide personalized advice based on your specific circumstances. This guide is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.
This comprehensive guide provides a thorough overview of filling out Form 4473. Remember, accuracy and truthfulness are paramount in this process. Always ensure you understand your rights and responsibilities before purchasing a firearm.
